434 lines
15 KiB
C
434 lines
15 KiB
C
/*-
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* Public Domain 2014-2016 MongoDB, Inc.
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* Public Domain 2008-2014 WiredTiger, Inc.
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*
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* This is free and unencumbered software released into the public domain.
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*
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* Anyone is free to copy, modify, publish, use, compile, sell, or
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* distribute this software, either in source code form or as a compiled
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* binary, for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial, and by any
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* means.
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*
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* In jurisdictions that recognize copyright laws, the author or authors
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* of this software dedicate any and all copyright interest in the
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* software to the public domain. We make this dedication for the benefit
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* of the public at large and to the detriment of our heirs and
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* successors. We intend this dedication to be an overt act of
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* relinquishment in perpetuity of all present and future rights to this
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* software under copyright law.
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*
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* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
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* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
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* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR
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* OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
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* ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
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* OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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*
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* ex_schema.c
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* This is an example application demonstrating how to create and access
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* tables using a schema.
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*/
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#include <inttypes.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <wiredtiger.h>
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static const char *home;
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/*! [schema declaration] */
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/* The C struct for the data we are storing in a WiredTiger table. */
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typedef struct {
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char country[5];
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uint16_t year;
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uint64_t population;
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} POP_RECORD;
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static POP_RECORD pop_data[] = {
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{ "AU", 1900, 4000000 },
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{ "AU", 1950, 8267337 },
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{ "AU", 2000, 19053186 },
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{ "CAN", 1900, 5500000 },
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{ "CAN", 1950, 14011422 },
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{ "CAN", 2000, 31099561 },
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{ "UK", 1900, 369000000 },
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{ "UK", 1950, 50127000 },
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{ "UK", 2000, 59522468 },
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{ "USA", 1900, 76212168 },
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{ "USA", 1950, 150697361 },
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{ "USA", 2000, 301279593 },
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{ "", 0, 0 }
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};
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/*! [schema declaration] */
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int
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main(void)
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{
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POP_RECORD *p;
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WT_CONNECTION *conn;
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WT_CURSOR *country_cursor, *country_cursor2, *cursor, *join_cursor,
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*stat_cursor, *subjoin_cursor, *year_cursor;
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WT_SESSION *session;
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const char *country;
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uint64_t recno, population;
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uint16_t year;
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int ret;
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/*
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* Create a clean test directory for this run of the test program if the
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* environment variable isn't already set (as is done by make check).
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*/
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if (getenv("WIREDTIGER_HOME") == NULL) {
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home = "WT_HOME";
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ret = system("rm -rf WT_HOME && mkdir WT_HOME");
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} else
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home = NULL;
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if ((ret = wiredtiger_open(
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home, NULL, "create,statistics=(fast)", &conn)) != 0) {
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fprintf(stderr, "Error connecting to %s: %s\n",
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home, wiredtiger_strerror(ret));
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return (ret);
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}
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/* Note: error checking omitted for clarity. */
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ret = conn->open_session(conn, NULL, NULL, &session);
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/*! [Create a table with column groups] */
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/*
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* Create the population table.
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* Keys are record numbers, the format for values is (5-byte string,
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* uint16_t, uint64_t).
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* See ::wiredtiger_struct_pack for details of the format strings.
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*/
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ret = session->create(session, "table:poptable",
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"key_format=r,"
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"value_format=5sHQ,"
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"columns=(id,country,year,population),"
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"colgroups=(main,population)");
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/*
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* Create two column groups: a primary column group with the country
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* code, year and population (named "main"), and a population column
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* group with the population by itself (named "population").
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*/
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ret = session->create(session,
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"colgroup:poptable:main", "columns=(country,year,population)");
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ret = session->create(session,
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"colgroup:poptable:population", "columns=(population)");
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/*! [Create a table with column groups] */
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/*! [Create an index] */
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/* Create an index with a simple key. */
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ret = session->create(session,
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"index:poptable:country", "columns=(country)");
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/*! [Create an index] */
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/*! [Create an index with a composite key] */
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/* Create an index with a composite key (country,year). */
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ret = session->create(session,
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"index:poptable:country_plus_year", "columns=(country,year)");
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/*! [Create an index with a composite key] */
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/*! [Create an immutable index] */
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/* Create an immutable index. */
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ret = session->create(session,
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"index:poptable:immutable_year", "columns=(year),immutable");
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/*! [Create an immutable index] */
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/* Insert the records into the table. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(
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session, "table:poptable", NULL, "append", &cursor);
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for (p = pop_data; p->year != 0; p++) {
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cursor->set_value(cursor, p->country, p->year, p->population);
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ret = cursor->insert(cursor);
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}
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/* Update records in the table. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_key(cursor, &recno);
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population);
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cursor->set_value(cursor, country, year, population + 1);
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ret = cursor->update(cursor);
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}
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/* List the records in the table. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_key(cursor, &recno);
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population);
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printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
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printf(
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": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
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country, year, population);
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}
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [List the records in the table using raw mode.] */
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/* List the records in the table using raw mode. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"table:poptable", NULL, "raw", &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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WT_ITEM key, value;
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ret = cursor->get_key(cursor, &key);
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ret = wiredtiger_struct_unpack(session,
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key.data, key.size, "r", &recno);
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printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &value);
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ret = wiredtiger_struct_unpack(session,
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value.data, value.size,
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"5sHQ", &country, &year, &population);
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printf(
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": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
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country, year, population);
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}
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/*! [List the records in the table using raw mode.] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Read population from the primary column group] */
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/*
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* Open a cursor on the main column group, and return the information
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* for a particular country.
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*/
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ret = session->open_cursor(
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session, "colgroup:poptable:main", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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cursor->set_key(cursor, 2);
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if ((ret = cursor->search(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population);
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printf(
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"ID 2: "
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"country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
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country, year, population);
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}
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/*! [Read population from the primary column group] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Read population from the standalone column group] */
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/*
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* Open a cursor on the population column group, and return the
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* population of a particular country.
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*/
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"colgroup:poptable:population", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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cursor->set_key(cursor, 2);
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if ((ret = cursor->search(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &population);
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printf("ID 2: population %" PRIu64 "\n", population);
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}
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/*! [Read population from the standalone column group] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Search in a simple index] */
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/* Search in a simple index. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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cursor->set_key(cursor, "AU\0\0\0");
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ret = cursor->search(cursor);
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population);
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printf("AU: country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
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country, year, population);
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/*! [Search in a simple index] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Search in a composite index] */
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/* Search in a composite index. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country_plus_year", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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cursor->set_key(cursor, "USA\0\0", (uint16_t)1900);
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ret = cursor->search(cursor);
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year, &population);
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printf(
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"US 1900: country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
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country, year, population);
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/*! [Search in a composite index] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Return a subset of values from the table] */
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/*
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* Use a projection to return just the table's country and year
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* columns.
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*/
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"table:poptable(country,year)", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &country, &year);
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printf("country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n", country, year);
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}
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/*! [Return a subset of values from the table] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Return a subset of values from the table using raw mode] */
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/*
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* Use a projection to return just the table's country and year
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* columns, using raw mode.
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*/
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"table:poptable(country,year)", NULL, "raw", &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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WT_ITEM value;
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &value);
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ret = wiredtiger_struct_unpack(
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session, value.data, value.size, "5sH", &country, &year);
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printf("country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n", country, year);
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}
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/*! [Return a subset of values from the table using raw mode] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Return the table's record number key using an index] */
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/*
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* Use a projection to return just the table's record number key
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* from an index.
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*/
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country_plus_year(id)", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_key(cursor, &country, &year);
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &recno);
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printf("row ID %" PRIu64 ": country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n",
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recno, country, year);
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}
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/*! [Return the table's record number key using an index] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Return a subset of the value columns from an index] */
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/*
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* Use a projection to return just the population column from an
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* index.
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*/
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country_plus_year(population)",
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NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_key(cursor, &country, &year);
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ret = cursor->get_value(cursor, &population);
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printf("population %" PRIu64 ": country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n",
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population, country, year);
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}
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/*! [Return a subset of the value columns from an index] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Access only the index] */
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/*
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* Use a projection to avoid accessing any other column groups when
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* using an index: supply an empty list of value columns.
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*/
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country_plus_year()", NULL, NULL, &cursor);
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while ((ret = cursor->next(cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = cursor->get_key(cursor, &country, &year);
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printf("country %s, year %" PRIu16 "\n", country, year);
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}
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/*! [Access only the index] */
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ret = cursor->close(cursor);
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/*! [Join cursors] */
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/* Open cursors needed by the join. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"join:table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &join_cursor);
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &country_cursor);
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:immutable_year", NULL, NULL, &year_cursor);
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/* select values WHERE country == "AU" AND year > 1900 */
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country_cursor->set_key(country_cursor, "AU\0\0\0");
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ret = country_cursor->search(country_cursor);
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ret = session->join(session, join_cursor, country_cursor,
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"compare=eq,count=10");
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year_cursor->set_key(year_cursor, (uint16_t)1900);
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ret = year_cursor->search(year_cursor);
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ret = session->join(session, join_cursor, year_cursor,
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"compare=gt,count=10,strategy=bloom");
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/* List the values that are joined */
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while ((ret = join_cursor->next(join_cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = join_cursor->get_key(join_cursor, &recno);
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ret = join_cursor->get_value(join_cursor, &country, &year,
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&population);
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printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
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printf(
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": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
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country, year, population);
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}
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/*! [Join cursors] */
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/*! [Statistics cursor join cursor] */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"statistics:join",
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join_cursor, NULL, &stat_cursor);
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/*! [Statistics cursor join cursor] */
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ret = stat_cursor->close(stat_cursor);
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ret = join_cursor->close(join_cursor);
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ret = year_cursor->close(year_cursor);
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ret = country_cursor->close(country_cursor);
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/*! [Complex join cursors] */
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/* Open cursors needed by the join. */
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"join:table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &join_cursor);
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"join:table:poptable", NULL, NULL, &subjoin_cursor);
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &country_cursor);
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:country", NULL, NULL, &country_cursor2);
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ret = session->open_cursor(session,
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"index:poptable:immutable_year", NULL, NULL, &year_cursor);
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/*
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* select values WHERE (country == "AU" OR country == "UK")
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* AND year > 1900
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*
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* First, set up the join representing the country clause.
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*/
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country_cursor->set_key(country_cursor, "AU\0\0\0");
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ret = country_cursor->search(country_cursor);
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ret = session->join(session, subjoin_cursor, country_cursor,
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"operation=or,compare=eq,count=10");
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country_cursor2->set_key(country_cursor2, "UK\0\0\0");
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ret = country_cursor2->search(country_cursor2);
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ret = session->join(session, subjoin_cursor, country_cursor2,
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"operation=or,compare=eq,count=10");
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/* Join that to the top join, and add the year clause */
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ret = session->join(session, join_cursor, subjoin_cursor, NULL);
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year_cursor->set_key(year_cursor, (uint16_t)1900);
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ret = year_cursor->search(year_cursor);
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ret = session->join(session, join_cursor, year_cursor,
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"compare=gt,count=10,strategy=bloom");
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/* List the values that are joined */
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while ((ret = join_cursor->next(join_cursor)) == 0) {
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ret = join_cursor->get_key(join_cursor, &recno);
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ret = join_cursor->get_value(join_cursor, &country, &year,
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&population);
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printf("ID %" PRIu64, recno);
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printf(
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": country %s, year %" PRIu16 ", population %" PRIu64 "\n",
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country, year, population);
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}
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/*! [Complex join cursors] */
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ret = join_cursor->close(join_cursor);
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ret = subjoin_cursor->close(subjoin_cursor);
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ret = country_cursor->close(country_cursor);
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ret = country_cursor2->close(country_cursor2);
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ret = year_cursor->close(year_cursor);
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ret = conn->close(conn, NULL);
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return (ret);
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}
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